Compound Interest Calculator

See how your money grows over time

💰 Investment Details

📈 Results

🟩 Principal + Contributions   🟦 Interest Earned

📋 Year-by-Year Breakdown

What is Compound Interest?

Compound interest is interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Unlike simple interest, which only earns interest on the original amount, compound interest allows your money to grow exponentially over time. The formula is: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) where P is principal, r is annual rate, n is compounding frequency, and t is time in years.

How to Use This Compound Interest Calculator

See how your savings and investments grow over time with the power of compound interest. Enter your initial deposit, monthly contributions, interest rate, and time period to visualize your wealth growth with detailed year-by-year breakdowns and interactive charts.

  1. Enter your initial investment (starting balance).
  2. Set your monthly contribution amount.
  3. Enter the annual interest rate (as a percentage).
  4. Choose the compounding frequency (daily, monthly, quarterly, or annually).
  5. Set the investment time period in years and view the growth chart.

What is Compound Interest?

Compound interest is interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Albert Einstein reportedly called it the eighth wonder of the world. Unlike simple interest (which only earns interest on the original amount), compound interest accelerates growth exponentially over time.

The Compound Interest Formula

The formula is: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of compounding periods per year, and t is the number of years. More frequent compounding (daily vs. annually) results in slightly higher returns due to earning interest on interest more often.

The Rule of 72

A quick way to estimate how long it takes to double your money: divide 72 by your annual interest rate. At 6% annual return, your money doubles in approximately 12 years (72 divided by 6 = 12). At 8%, it doubles in 9 years. This simple rule helps with quick financial planning.

The Power of Starting Early

Time is the most powerful factor in compound interest. Someone who invests $200 per month starting at age 25 will have significantly more at age 65 than someone who invests $400 per month starting at age 35, even though the late starter contributes more total money. Starting early gives your money more time to compound.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between simple and compound interest?

Simple interest is calculated only on the original principal amount. Compound interest is calculated on the principal plus all previously accumulated interest. Over time, compound interest generates significantly more returns because you earn interest on your interest.

How often should interest be compounded?

More frequent compounding produces slightly higher returns. Daily compounding yields more than monthly, which yields more than annually. However, the difference between daily and monthly compounding is usually minimal. Most savings accounts compound daily, while most investments compound monthly or quarterly.

What is a realistic rate of return to use?

For long-term stock market investments, 7-10% average annual return is historically typical (before inflation). High-yield savings accounts offer 4-5%. Government bonds yield 3-5%. Use conservative estimates (6-7%) for retirement planning to be safe.

How does inflation affect compound interest?

Inflation erodes purchasing power over time. If your investments earn 8% but inflation is 3%, your real return is approximately 5%. When planning for long-term goals, use the real (inflation-adjusted) rate of return for more accurate projections.

What is the Rule of 72?

The Rule of 72 is a quick estimation method: divide 72 by your annual interest rate to find how many years it takes to double your money. At 6% return: 72 divided by 6 = 12 years to double. At 10%: 72 divided by 10 = 7.2 years. It is an approximation but remarkably accurate.